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Yayinci: Rogvist
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The Warsaw Uprising 1944 / Powstanie Warszawskie
The Warsaw Uprising (Powstanie Warszawskie) was a World War II struggle by the Polish Home Army (Armia Krajowa) to liberate Warsaw from German occupation. The Uprising began on August 1, 1944, as part of a nationwide rebellion, Operation Tempest. It was intended to last for only a few days until the Soviet Army would reach the city. The Soviet advance stopped short, however, while Polish resistance against the German forces continued for 63 days (until October 2).
The Uprising began at a crucial juncture as the Soviet Army was approaching Warsaw. The Uprising's chief objective was to drive the German occupiers from the city, helping with the larger fight against the Axis. Secondary political objectives were to liberate Warsaw before the Red Army arrived, so as to underscore Polish sovereignty, and to undo the Allied division of Central Europe into spheres of influence. Polish authorities were to reappear in liberated Warsaw and challenge the Soviet puppet government that was to rule Poland.
By September 16, 1944, Soviet forces had reached a point a few hundred metres from the city, across the Vistula River, but they made no further headway during the Uprising leading to allegations that Stalin had wanted the insurrection to fail.
Polish losses amounted to 18,000 soldiers killed and 25,000 wounded, in addition to between 120,000 and 200,000 civilian deaths, mostly from mass murders conducted by retreating German troops. German casualties totalled over 17,000 soldiers killed and over 9,000 wounded. During the urban combat approximately 25% of Warsaw's buildings were destroyed. Following the surrender of Polish forces on October 2, German troops systematically burned the city block by block. Together with earlier damage suffered in 1939 and during the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising (1943), over 85% of the city had been destroyed. By January 1945, when the Soviets finally entered the city, Warsaw had practically ceased to exist.
Music:
"Gdzie S Kwiaty"
"Warszawskie Dzieci"
Etiketler:[] [warsaw] [uprising] [1944] [poland] [wwii] [capital] [powstanie] [warszawskie] [second] [world] [war] [wojna] [courage] [pologne] [varsovie]
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(01) Why We Fight: "Battle of China (ca. 1944) 1/5
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The Battle of China(1944) was the sixth film of Frank Capra's Why We Fight propaganda film series. It describes the modern history of China, with the founding of the Republic of China by Sun Yat-sen, and leads on to the Japanese invasion. The invasion of China is explained in terms of the four-step plan for Japanese conquest, mentioned in the Tanaka Memorial.
"Here was their mad dream. Phase One - the occupation of Manchuria for raw materials. Phase Two - the absorption of China for manpower. Phase Three - a triumphant sweep to the south to seize the riches of the Indies. Phase Four - the eastward move to crush the United States.".
Special attention is paid to Japanese atrocities such as the bombing of Shanghai and the Nanking Massacre -- the film includes graphic film footage of the Nanking atrocities. The film mentions a Nanking massacre death toll of 40,000 -- far lower than modern estimates; the true death toll was unknown at the time.
The mass westward migration associated with the moving of the Chinese capital to Chongqing, and the construction of the Burma Road are also covered, and the film concludes with overview of the Chinese victory at the Battle of Changsha.
The Chinese communists are never explicitly mentioned, but are implicitly acknowledged with a discussion of Chinese guerrilla warfare behind the Japanese lines.
The introductory maps shown in the film show China as including Outer Mongolia and Tannu Tuva, as they are, to this day, constitutionally claimed by the Republic of China, but not claimed by present-day People's Republic of China.
Etiketler:[] [world] [war] [ii] [china] [why] [we] [fight] [frank] [capra] [japanese] [communists] [nanking] [republic] [united] [states]
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[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] |
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